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近日，看完了日本最畅销的历史小说《项羽与刘邦》，这也是岛国小说类销量仅次于《挪威的森林》之大作。作者司马辽太郎在本书中传达了一个很明确的信息：中国历史的农民起义所形成的军队，其实就是一群不断迁徙寻找粮食的流民部队。小股的流民群向大股的，有着足够粮食的流民群靠拢。不能解决流民部队的吃饭问题的领导人，就是要被推倒，要下台的。刚好，前日看了《投名状》，刘德华和金城武都是农民，都是为了口饭吃从土匪，变成正规军。李连杰带队攻下苏州城，屠杀数千降兵，也是为了缓和尖锐的食物矛盾。或许白起、项羽埋的那几十万降兵，也不见得就是他们多么残忍，毕竟，没见过那支部队会被有足够的粮食，能满足几乎和本方人数相当的人群的肚子。
再深层次的扯一步，也许中国人自打在黄河流域种植粮食作物开始，就不得不终日为果腹而忙碌。可见，中国耕地面积的承载能力，终究是无法提供足够的产出，来解决中国人口的问题，即便清朝之前中国人口并不多，但那会子的种植水平也落后。而清朝的人口激增，并没有造成颠覆根基的农民暴动，很大程度上要感谢一下清帝们永不加赋的祖训了。历史上每一次农民暴动、起义以及农民军内部的分裂都跟粮食有着直接的关系。瓦岗寨之所以能存活那么久，很大程度就是因为夺了洛口仓。刘伯温的九字真言也同样保证了朱元璋的部队能够北抗元军，西阻陈友谅，东灭张士诚。而李自成的闯王军，进入北京后，所谓的高层腐化固然是其失败的原因，还有一点不能忽视的是：明王朝同后金打了十多年的消耗战，直隶周边的粮食基本空了，没有足够的粮源支撑。
相比之下，西方军队的存在就不是如此了。首先，西欧诸国均非农耕国家，本身农民基础就小，军队的成分相对来说阶层平均。其次，西欧诸国的私兵以及雇佣兵的比重大，易于产生职业军人，能够在后勤不足的情况下保证同领导者的契约有效性，换句话说，契约精神是深入到包括战争在内的每个领域。另外，中世纪时期的宗教也一定程度的影响着西方战争意义，虽说十字军东征的真正目的还是抢地盘，不过到底来说扫清异教徒的名号总比什么清君侧之类的要蛊惑人心得多。
总之，统治中国这片土地最有效的方法就是解决民众的温饱，而这又是最难的方法了。
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